Old « | Change Δ | New » |
Model N | External Pressure ↑ | |
Plan – | Coherence ≈ | Vision + |
Internal Pressure ↓ | Alternative $ |
Alvin Toffler was the architect for the breakup of the American telephone company monopoly, in which he proposed three preconditions for change. First, external pressure from competition. Second, internal pressure from dissatisfaction. And third, "a coherent alternative embodied in a plan, a model, or a vision."1
A plan is a step by step process indicative of deductive reasoning, a vision is a pattern indicative of inductive reasoning, and a model is an imagined state, like a role model, indicative of associative reasoning.
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1Toffler, Alvin. The Adaptive Corporation. Bantam, New York, 1985. pp. xxi-xxii.
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